Iraq Foreign Policy
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THE AGENDA
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Responsibility
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<h2 class="modttlred">
Responsibly Ending the War in Iraq
</h2>
<br />
<em>
"The United States will pursue a new strategy to end the war in Iraq through a transition to full Iraqi responsibility…As we carry out this drawdown, my highest priority will be the safety and security of our troops and civilians in Iraq.  So we will proceed carefully, and I will consult closely with my military commanders on the ground and with the Iraqi government.  There will surely be difficult periods and tactical adjustments.  But our enemies should be left with no doubt:  This plan gives our military the forces and flexibility they need to support our Iraqi partners, and to succeed."
<br />
                --President Barack Obama
<br />
                February 27, 2009 at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina
</em>
<br />
<br />
On his first day in office, President Obama ordered a comprehensive review of United States Iraq policy by military commanders on the ground, the Joint Chiefs, Secretary Gates, and his national security team. That review led to the President’s February 27, 2009 announcement at Camp Lejeune of a plan to responsibly end the war in Iraq. The three-part strategy he announced will make our country more secure by transitioning to Iraqi responsibility and by allowing the United States to focus on a broader set of national priorities. The Administration will pursue broad support for this plan and other major national security priorities by consulting closely with the Congress, on a bi-partisan basis, and by working closely with friends and allies. 
<h4>
Responsible Removal of Combat Brigades
</h4>
Based on the recommendations of his military commanders and national security team, the President has chosen a timeline that will remove all U.S. combat brigades from Iraq over the next 18 months. By
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Foreign Policy
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<h2>
Progress
</h2>
<ul>
<li>
Ordered the
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/ClosureOfGuantanamoDetentionFacilities/">
closure of the prison at Guantanamo Bay
</a>
and a
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/ReviewofDetentionPolicyOptions/">
review of our detention and interrogation policy
</a>
, and
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/EnsuringLawfulInterrogations/">
prohibited the use of torture
</a>
.
</li>
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Appointed Special Envoys for Climate Change, Southwest Asia, the Middle East, Sudan, and a Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan.
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Announced a
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/agenda/iraq/">
plan to responsibly end the War in Iraq
</a>
.
</li>
<li>
Announced a
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/09/03/27/A-New-Strategy-for-Afghanistan-and-Pakistan/">
new strategy for Pakistan and Afghanistan
</a>
.
</li>
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Announced a
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Remarks-By-President-Barack-Obama-In-Prague-As-Delivered/">
strategy to address the international nuclear threat
</a>
.
</li>
<li>
Agreed to negotiation of a new
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Joint-Statement-by-Dmitriy-A-Medvedev-and-Barack-Obama/">
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty with Russia
</a>
.
</li>
<li>
Established a new
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Statement-On-Bilateral-Meeting-With-President-Hu-Of-China/">
"U.S.-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue"
</a>
.
</li>
<li>
Announced
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Fact-Sheet-Reaching-out-to-the-Cuban-people/">
new policy steps towards Cuba
</a>
.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
President Obama has committed himself and his Administration from the beginning of his presidency to a foreign policy that ensures the safety of the American people. But he also refuses the false division between our values and our security; the United States can be true to our values and ideals while also protecting the American people. We will use all elements of American power to achieve objectives, and consult closely with the Congress so that our policies may have the broad and bipartisan support that makes them most effective. Finally, while there are instances and individuals who can be met only by force, the United States will be prepared to listen to and talk with our adversaries in order to advance our interests.
</p>
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<div class="main">
<h3>
Refocusing on the Threat from al Qaeda in Afghanistan and Pakistan
</h3>
<p>
Following an intensive 60-day interagency review, on March 27, 2009, the President announced a new strategy with a clear and focused goal: to disrupt, dismantle, and defeat al Qaeda in Pakistan and Afghanistan, and to prevent their return to either country in the future. The strategy is comprehensive and flexible and will need to be fully resourced. In addition to the new troops the President has chosen to deploy, the strategy calls for significantly more resources to the civilian effort and frequent evaluations of our progress.
</p>
<h3>
Responsibly Ending the War in Iraq
</h3>
<p>
On February 27, 2009, President Obama announced a plan to responsibly end the war in Iraq.
</p>
<p>
By
<br />
<br />
 
<br />
<br />

<br />
<h4>
Sustained Diplomacy
</h4>
Iraq’s future is now its own responsibility and the long-term success of the Iraqi nation will depend upon decisions made by the Iraqi people. A strong political, diplomatic, and civilian effort on our part can advance progress and help lay a foundation for lasting peace and security. A new American Ambassador will be supported by the courageous and capable work of American civilian personnel, diplomats and aid workers.
<br />
<br />
We will work to support Iraqi national elections in 2010, help improve local government, serve as an honest broker for Iraqi leaders as they resolve difficult political issues, increase support for the resettlement of Iraqi refugees, and help strengthen Iraqi institutions and their capacity to protect rule of law, confront corruption, and deliver services.
<br />
<h4>
Comprehensive Engagement Across the Region
</h4>
The future of Iraq is inseparable from the future of the broader Middle East.  It is time for Iraq to be a full partner in a regional dialogue and for Iraq’s neighbors to establish productive and normalized relations with Iraq. Going forward, the United States will pursue principled and sustained engagement with all nations in the region, including Iran and Syria.  We have already begun to renew our diplomacy in the region, to refocus on: eliminating al Qaeda in Afghanistan and Pakistan; preventing Iran from developing a nuclear weapon; and actively seeking a lasting peace between Israel and the Arab world.  
<br />
<br />
Finally, the President made a commitment to give our men and women in uniform the resources and clear direction they deserve and to build our civilian national security capacity so that we can use all elements of American power to achieve our objectives in the world.
<br />
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</p>
<h3>
Keeping Nuclear Weapons Out of the Hands of Terrorists
</h3>
<p>
On April 5, 2009 in Prague, President Obama presented an ambitious strategy to address the international nuclear threat. He proposed measures to: reduce and eventually eliminate existing nuclear arsenals, including negotiations on further nuclear reductions with Russia, ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, and completion of a verified Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty; halt proliferation of nuclear weapons to additional states, and prevent terrorists from acquiring nuclear weapons or materials.
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We have pledged to work with our partners to achieve the denuclearization of North Korea through the Six-Party process. And we will present a clear choice to Iran to take its rightful place in the community of nations, including its right to peaceful nuclear energy, or continue to refuse to meet its international obligations and fail to seize the opportunity of a positive future.
</p>
<h3>
Promoting Peace and Security in Israel and the Middle East
</h3>
<p>
The President believes that we cannot afford to wait to work for peace in the region, so he appointed a Special Envoy for Middle East peace on his second day in office. In the Middle East, we share the goal of a lasting peace between Israel and its neighbors. The United States strongly supports the goal of two states, Israel and a Palestinian state, living side by side in peace and security. The President has committed himself and his Administration to actively pursuing this goal.
</p>
<h3>
Re-energizing America’s Alliances
</h3>
<p>
The United States seeks to engage in dialogue that is honest and grounded in mutual respect, as the best way to resolve disagreements and work towards shared interests. We are committed to strengthening existing partnerships and building new ones to confront the challenges of the 21st century.
</p>
<ul>
<li>
On his first trip overseas, the President visited Europe to begin this process, with the G-20 Summit, the 60th Anniversary NATO Summit, and the U.S-E.U. Summit.
</li>
<li>
The President made clear in his speech to the Turkish Parliament that America's relationship with the Muslim world will be based on more than our shared opposition to terrorism. We seek broader engagement based on mutual interest and mutual respect.
</li>
<li>
The United States seeks to strengthen our historic alliances in Asia while developing deeper bonds with all nations of the region, so that we might work together to confront the challenges of the 21st Century, including proliferation, climate change, pandemics and economic instability.
</li>
</ul>
<h3>
Maintaining Core American Values
</h3>
<p>
Every challenge is more easily met if we tend to our own democratic foundation. This is why the President ordered the prison at Guantanamo Bay closed, prohibited -- without exception or equivocation -- the use of torture, and set up a Special Task Force to thoroughly review detainee policy.
</p>
<h3>
Sudan
</h3>
<p>
Ending the crisis in Darfur and ensuring Sudan’s long-term stability through the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement is a top priority for the Obama Administration. The humanitarian crisis there makes our task all the more urgent. The President has appointed a Special Envoy for Sudan as a strong signal of his commitment to support the people of Sudan. We are committed to working with the international community to end the suffering, seek a lasting settlement to the violence, and ensure a stable and secure future for the region.
</p>
<h3>
Restoring American Leadership in Latin America
</h3>
<p>
The future of the United States is inextricably bound to the future of the people of the Americas. We are committed to a new era of partnership with countries throughout the hemisphere, working on key shared challenges of economic growth and equality, our energy and climate futures, and regional and citizen security. We are committed to shaping that future through engagement that is strong, sustained, meaningful, and based on mutual respect.
</p>
<h3>
Ensuring Energy Security and Fighting Climate Change
</h3>
<p>
The President has committed to put America on a path to a clean energy economy that improves our energy security, reduces our use of fossil fuels, and drives a new era of American innovation. The United States recognizes the need to break from old ways that threaten our economy and our planet and the President has committed to investing $150 billion in clean energy research and development over ten years. The United States will be a leader in addressing global climate change both by making contributions of our own and engaging other countries to do the same.
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<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl08_hlSubNav" href="/briefing_room/PresidentialActions/">
Presidential Actions
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl09_hlSubNav" href="/briefing_room/nominations_and_appointments/">

<h4>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_hlNav" href="/briefing_room/">
THE BRIEFING ROOM
</a>
</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/blog/">
The Blog
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/weekly_address/">
Your Weekly Address
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/slideshows/">
Slideshows
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/briefing_room/Speeches/">
Speeches
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/briefing_room/OfficialStatements/">
Official Statements
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/briefing_room/PressBriefings/">
Press Briefings
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/briefing_room/PressReleases/">
Press Releases
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl08_hlSubNav" href="/briefing_room/PresidentialActions/">
Presidential Actions
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl00_rptNavigationItems_ctl09_hlSubNav" href="/briefing_room/nominations_and_appointments/">

<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_hlNav" href="/agenda/">
THE AGENDA
</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/civil_rights/">
Civil Rights
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/defense/">
Defense
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/disabilities/">
Disabilities
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/economy/">
Economy
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/education/">
Education
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/energy_and_environment/">
Energy & Environment
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/ethics/">
Ethics
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl08_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/family/">
Family
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl09_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/fiscal/">
Fiscal
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl10_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/foreign_policy/">
Foreign Policy
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl11_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/health_care/">
Health Care
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl12_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/homeland_security/">
Homeland Security
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl13_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/immigration/">
Immigration
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl14_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/iraq/">
Iraq
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl15_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/poverty/">
Poverty
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl16_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/rural/">
Rural
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl17_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/seniors_and_social_security/">

<h4>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_hlNav" href="/agenda/">
THE AGENDA
</a>
</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/civil_rights/">
Civil Rights
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/defense/">
Defense
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/disabilities/">
Disabilities
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/economy/">
Economy
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/education/">
Education
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/energy_and_environment/">
Energy & Environment
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/ethics/">
Ethics
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl08_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/family/">
Family
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl09_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/fiscal/">
Fiscal Responsibility
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl10_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/foreign_policy/">
Foreign Policy
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl11_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/health_care/">
Health Care
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl12_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/homeland_security/">
Homeland Security
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl13_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/immigration/">
Immigration
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl14_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/iraq/">
Iraq
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl15_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/poverty/">
Poverty
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl16_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/rural/">
Rural
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl17_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/seniors_and_social_security/">

<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl18_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/service/">
Service
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl19_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/taxes/">
Taxes
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl20_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/technology/">
Technology
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl21_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/urban_policy/">
Urban Policy
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl22_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/veterans/">
Veterans
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl23_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/women/">
Women
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl24_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/additional/">

<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl18_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/service/">
Service
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl19_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/taxes/">
Taxes
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl20_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/technology/">
Technology
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl21_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/urban_policy/">
Urban Policy
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl22_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/veterans/">
Veterans
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl23_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/women/">
Women
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl01_rptNavigationItems_ctl24_hlSubNav" href="/agenda/additional/">

<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl02_hlNav" href="/administration/">
THE ADMINISTRATION
</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/administration/president_obama/">
President Barack Obama
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/administration/vice_president_biden/">
Vice President Joe Biden
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/administration/michelle_obama/">
First Lady Michelle Obama
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/administration/jill_biden/">
Dr. Jill Biden
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/administration/cabinet/">
The Cabinet
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/administration/staff/">
White House Staff
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/administration/eop/">

<h4>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl02_hlNav" href="/administration/">
THE ADMINISTRATION
</a>
</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/administration/president_obama/">
President Barack Obama
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/administration/vice_president_biden/">
Vice President Joe Biden
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/administration/michelle_obama/">
First Lady Michelle Obama
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/administration/jill_biden/">
Dr. Jill Biden
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/administration/cabinet/">
The Cabinet
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/administration/staff/">
White House Staff
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl02_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/administration/eop/">

<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_hlNav" href="/about/">
ABOUT THE WHITE HOUSE
</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/about/history/">
History
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/about/presidents/">
Presidents
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/about/first_ladies/">
First Ladies
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/about/vp_residence/">

<h4>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_hlNav" href="/about/">
ABOUT THE WHITE HOUSE
</a>
</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/about/history/">
History
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/about/presidents/">
Presidents
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/about/first_ladies/">
First Ladies
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/about/vp_residence/">

<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/about/eeob/">

<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/about/eeob/">

<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/about/oval_office/">
The Oval Office
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/about/camp_david/">
Camp David
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl08_hlSubNav" href="/about/air_force_one/">
Air Force One
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl09_hlSubNav" href="/about/fellows/">
White House Fellows
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl10_hlSubNav" href="/about/Internships/">
White House Internships
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl11_hlSubNav" href="/about/white_house_101/">
White House 101
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl12_hlSubNav" href="/about/tours_and_events/">

<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/about/oval_office/">
The Oval Office
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/about/camp_david/">
Camp David
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl08_hlSubNav" href="/about/air_force_one/">
Air Force One
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl09_hlSubNav" href="/about/fellows/">
White House Fellows
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl10_hlSubNav" href="/about/Internships/">
White House Internships
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl11_hlSubNav" href="/about/white_house_101/">
White House 101
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl03_rptNavigationItems_ctl12_hlSubNav" href="/about/tours_and_events/">

<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_hlNav" href="/our_government/">
OUR GOVERNMENT
</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/executive_branch/">
The Executive Branch
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/legislative_branch/">
The Legislative Branch
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/judicial_branch/">
The Judicial Branch
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/the_constitution/">
The Constitution
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/federal_agencies_and_commissions/">

<h4>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_hlNav" href="/our_government/">
OUR GOVERNMENT
</a>
</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl01_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/executive_branch/">
The Executive Branch
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl02_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/legislative_branch/">
The Legislative Branch
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl03_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/judicial_branch/">
The Judicial Branch
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl04_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/the_constitution/">
The Constitution
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl05_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/federal_agencies_and_commissions/">

<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/elections_and_voting/">
Elections & Voting
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/state_and_local_government/">
State & Local Government
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="ctl11_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl08_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/resources/">

<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl06_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/elections_and_voting/">
Elections & Voting
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl07_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/state_and_local_government/">
State & Local Government
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="_1acdaf74a689_rptNavigation_ctl04_rptNavigationItems_ctl08_hlSubNav" href="/our_government/resources/">